The Spanish Federation for Rare Diseases collects on its website a list of rare diseases, although the most comprehensive and updated information there is to it is provided by the Research Institute for Rare Diseases. These are some of the most striking diseases, as defined by the scientific institute. The followers of ‘House’ can not find it so strange.

The primary visual agnosia is a rare neurological disease characterized by total or partial loss of the ability to visually identify and recognize people and objects known, although these can actually see.

The syndrome of Gilles de la Tuorette. It is characterized by multiple motor tics and one or more vocal tics.

The most common tics involve gestures, neck wrinkle, raising eyebrows, wink … Less often, shake hands or arms, stretching your fingers, sigh, yawn, burp … There have been reports of suicides by destructive effect of disease on society and the workplace.

Huntington’s disease. It is characterized by chorea (involuntary muscle movements), abnormal behavior and dementia. The most striking clinical sign is the chorea, the Greek word for dance, because of the movement characteristic of this disease. Sometimes patients have delusions, wrong thoughts, disparate and inaccessible to all criticism and obsessive-compulsive behaviors.

The Gerstmann syndrome is a neurological disease caused by a brain injury, characterized by agraphia (impaired ability to express ideas in writing), finger agnosia (inability to recognize the finger), acalculia ( inability to perform simple arithmetic problems) and right-left disorientation.

Cogan’s oculomotor apraxia is an inherited disease that affects the eye, which is present from birth. Apraxia is a disorder of brain function characterized by the inability to perform voluntary learned motor acts, although there is physical capacity and the will to do so, ie the affected individual has the physical ability to move, and wants to do , but can not.

I know there are many people with skin problems. Some of them tend to pass fairly close to evil, not just the problem of itching, but by the aesthetic problem facing society as cruel and ignorant … There have been cases of depression even in this type of allergy, depends on the strength of each person.

In my case, I never had any psychological problem for this reason, it is fairly porous brings me having it. Perhaps the fact he had almost no visible eczema in areas of the body being dressed. I suppose the eczema on the face and hands should be rather more problematic … Atopic eczema is that I have for the past few years already. I can not say exactly when I started dating, but I think from 16 or 18. One of the things that aggravate it, is the nervous state of the person who suffers, and that’s what I’m difficult because I’m pretty nervous since quite small. I am unable to sit still or even sleep … I have one on each particular side in the scalp have a lot in the genital area (these are the most uncomfortable of course) in the lacrimal barely be seen and a few others on the back …

I hope that if someone with this problem read this, making your case here and share opinions as there are patients that may pose a problem quite difficult to put in psychological terms. For help, what is not?

“I’ve never seen anyone with congenital analgesia or know of any neurologist who has treated a case, but it exists. This is an extremely rare disease,” explains neurologist 20minutos.es Juan Carlos Martinez, coordinator of the Group Study of Movement Disorders of the Spanish Society of Neurology.

Congenital analgesia, according to the Research Institute for Rare Disorders is a disease that is present from birth, marked by indifference to pain, even in extreme pain stimuli and analgesia (abolishing sensitivity to pain). Patients with this disease can distinguish temperature differences, for example. One of the major problems suffered by these patients is that they can submit lacerations or injuries which are not aware, or that they even have inflicted the self-destructive purposes.

According to the neurologist Juan Carlos Martinez was called for rare diseases have a prevalence below one case among 50,000 people and makes a qualification, contrary to what one might think, “the tics are not rare diseases that are common in children “and continues,” and complex tics Tourrette syndrome are rare diseases, but unknown. Tourrette syndrome is associated with attention problems in children and school failure. We now know that a relationship exists between this and the hyperactivity syndrome. ” The good news is that according to the doctor “can be diagnosed and is treatable.”
The lack of treatment and delay in obtaining a diagnosis are the major problems faced by some 3 million Spanish patients to whom fate has allotted one of hundreds of diseases classified as ‘rare’. “There is a certain helplessness, not too many instruments to serve patients,” Martinez acknowledges.

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Eczema is manifested by chronic itching and dry skin. Usually, symptoms occur only during certain periods, while the rest of the time the skin is normal.

Symptoms of eczema include:

* The skin is constantly dry.
* Areas red, itchy, usually worse during the winter.
* The affected area may get wet if scratched raw.
* Among young children is more common on the inside of the elbows and the wrists and behind the knees can also occur in the neck, ankles, feet and other body areas.
* In older children may appear on the hands, feet and eyelids.
* In infants often begins on the cheeks.
* After a while the skin may change color and become thicker.

What is the cause of eczema?

The cause of eczema, but seems to be inherited. Many people have allergies and eczema can also develop.

The eczema usually presents in the following circumstances:

* When the skin comes into contact with some irritant such as soap or bleach.
* When skin is exposed to water for long without a moisturizer is applied below.
* When there are seasonal changes in moisture or air.

What care should be taken?

Keep your skin hydrated.

* Follow your doctor’s recommendations to bathe, since according to skin type needs vary.
* Use a non-deodorant soap or perfume, for example, soap essences. Avoid strong soaps. Do not use bubble bath (bubbles). Avoid shampoos contact eczema.
* Dry gently with a towel, without rubbing, to remove excess water and leave skin slightly damp.
* To help keep skin hydrated, apply an unscented moisturizer throughout the body just after bathing and several times a day
* If the frequent use of moisturizers does not relieve symptoms, consult your doctor, who probably will prescribe a medicated cream.
* If you have been prescribed a medicated cream for eczema, apply before moisturizer. In most cases, medicated creams may be used only once or twice a day.

How to prevent and control itching

Avoid exposure to:

* Excessive heat.
* Air dry (if necessary, use a humidifier).
* Chlorine (in public pools or hot tubs).

Clothing that is in contact with the skin should be cotton, it is advisable to avoid wool clothing that can irritate the skin. Also, you should wash new clothes before wearing, to make it less irritating. Keep child’s fingernails short and clean to avoid scratching and prevent infection. To sleep, children more

small they can put cotton socks or gloves on the hands, to avoid

Scratching. He or she may prescribe a medication for itching.

When should I call the clinic?

Call the clinic if:

* The itch will not let him sleep.
* The itching is intense and can not stop scratching.
* The rash becomes raw, or bleeds.
* The skin appears infected or oozes.
* Has a fever over 101 º F (38.3 º C).

Produce ann infection, you may be prescribed oral antibiotics.

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People with type 2 diabetes should try to reduce excess body weight to a level safe and healthy, this is especially true when it comes to people with elevated triglyceride levels. But if weight loss is not sufficiently reduced the levels of triglycerides, is advisable to increase total fat intake to 40% of calories with a corresponding cut in carbohydrate intake. This extra fat should be primarily monounsaturated vegetable origin of foods such as olives, olive oil, canola oil and avocados. However, precautions must be taken because the fat that is part of the diet is closely related to poor control of diabetes, so it is very important that you follow the instructions of your doctor or nutritionist.

Furthermore, numerous scientific studies have shown that people who eat meat often have a 3.8 times greater risk of mortality by cause of type 2 diabetes and increased risk of developing diabetes than vegetarians. It is believed that the above is primarily due to the lack of fruits and vegetables in the diet, although meat is high in fat and may add more to the development of this risk.

This is why people with diabetes are more likely to develop heart disease because when you have had this condition, it is often much higher level of blood sugar than it should be, and too blood sugar can damage many parts of the body, including blood vessels.

Steps to good care Daily skin. Soak and Seal!
• Take at least one bath or shower daily. Use warm, not more than 10 minutes. Do not rub the skin with the sponge.
• Use a mild soap such as During a crisis, try to limit the use of skin cleansers to avoid possible irritation.
• After a bath or shower, pat dry to remove excess water. Immediately apply moisturizer or special medications prescribed by your doctor in the skin moist. This seals the water and causes the skin to sting him less and not so dry. Apply special medicines in the areas affected by red, scaly eczema. Apply moisturizer to the entire skin that has not received medication. Moisturizers can be applied to medicines. Reapply sunscreen cream 3 to 4 times a day.
• You can save big money if you buy these products in large containers, as containers of one pound.
Reduce irritation to the skin.
After “soak and seal”, the most important step is to try to reduce irritation.
• Children with atopic eczema have very sensitive skin. It is therefore advisable to avoid anything that irritates them. So, will prevent the clothes that touch the skin as wool or synthetic fibers. It is best to be of cotton.
• Wash new clothes before wearing. This removes the formaldehyde and other chemicals used during production and packaging and can irritate the skin. The clothes are washed with detergent soap (eg tablet soap, soap for delicate clothes, etc). Washer can be used. Do not bleach, chlorine, bleach or other chemical
If you are worried or soap residue, rinse the clothes twice. Detergent residues, especially the perfume or dyes, can cause irritation if left on the clothes.
or Wear clothes that allow air circulation. Loose clothing and cotton blend clothing may be more comfortable. Avoiding brooches, applications, or those who accumulate sweat or rub the skin.
• In winter on sapa, better cover with blanket. Prefer comfort to fashion or appearance.
• Do not apply lotions, perfumes, rouge, jewelry, cosmetics, stickers and even cry … do not let him paint his face at parties. Precipitate or aggravate the picture.
• Avoid places and toys gathering dust (carpets, stuffed animals), preferably not have pet hair or feather, and prevent insect bites. The sun is not harmful, but with sunscreen.
• The diet should be as normal as possible, avoiding nuts, seeds, wheat, strawberry, chocolate, banana, milk, beef, avocado, shrimp, chorizo, citrus, egg, canned meats, bagged, junk foods, foods that are difficult to digest, pork
• Atopic Patients’ lives should be as normal as possible. Overprotective and not get into a “crystal sphere”. You can go to the pool or ocean if applied to leave the cream immediately and clear water that can play any sport.
• Work and sleep in a pleasant environment with a level of constant temperature and humidity.
• Keep fingernails short and smoothed to prevent damage when scratching.
• Proper use of sedating antihistamines can reduce itching a bit for its calming and sedative effects.
• Scratching at night, while sleeping, it is sometimes convenient to put some cotton socks a glove to prevent injury
• Use sunscreen to avoid sun burn. Use sunscreen with SPF protection of 15 or more. Sunscreens for face irritate less than normal.
• The residual chlorine on the skin after swimming can irritate the skin. Take a shower or bath as soon as possible after swimming, use a mild cleanser or soap from head to toe, and then apply moisturizer.

Avoid what has been found that make eczema worse.
• The most common allergens may include food, animals and dust mites (these are tiny animals found in house dust)
• It should take precaution to avoid substances that have been shown to worsen the disease. It is very important not to put you or your child in situations of activities or restricted diets.
• skin infections in people with eczema may be the cause of this deterioration. It may be difficult to maintain the eczema under control untreated infection.
• Avoid sudden temperature changes and excessively warm environments, or too cold. Sweating often aggravates eczema

Reduce stress.
Anxiety, frustration and anger are normal emotions in people with chronic diseases such as eczema and this stress can cause itching. The strategies to reduce stress include:
• Learn more about the disease. It is important to understand the long course of the disease. What makes eczema worse, and treatments to help manage it.
• Have your family learn about the disease so they can help.
• It is difficult to cope with a chronic illness. Many people find that helps them speak with a counselor to get more support or therapy. Behavior modification and individual information can help with chronic itching and scratching.
• Stress factors can aggravate the pictures, in addition to atopic children tend to be “more advanced” for their age. They are very restless and intelligent, occasionally “problem children” in school because they get bored very easy and fast learning. Do not push, the better “tired” with extracurricular activities. Watch these issues and concerns minorice not his son, of course, without overprotecting

Although urinary incontinence can occur at any age in any population, primarily affects children, women and elderly population.

Moreover, the incidence increases sharply with age, being more common after 40 years and affects 15% of the population.

Factors that favor the occurrence of urinary incontinence
Women

Pregnancy and Childbirth
Strenuous exercise
Obesity
Smoking
Diabetes
Urinary infections
Postmenopause

Elders

Degenerative diseases: Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s
Immobility
Depression
Recurrent urinary tract infections

Men

Prostate Pathology

Recognizing the problem

Experts say that in many cases, this disease is underestimated as those affected often do not seek medical help, which affects their quality of life.

At certain points in time there may be difficulty in containing the urination, urinary incontinence is temporary due to easily correctable situations (infections, medications …). However, the problem may be persistent (chronic urinary incontinence) interfering with our normal daily activities. In both cases we must see a doctor without any hesitation, as there are solutions for this disorder.

Has developed various medical questionnaires to patients, trying to recognize and address incontinence in all its breadth from the medical consultation.

The most important thing is to recognize and deal with the problem by the patient. The doctor will try to identify the cause and classify the type of urinary incontinence, to find the most appropriate therapeutic measures.

This place:

- Detailed medical history, conducted about the potential facilitating factors for urinary incontinence

- Physical examination, with emphasis on neurological examination, abdominal and perineal

- Investigations, including:

* Urinalysis to rule out infection
* Cystoscopy: visualization of the bladder
* Urodynamic testing: consists of a series of technologies to diagnose the existence and type of urinary incontinence. Include:

1. Flowmetry. Measure the speed of urine flow during urination. It is a noninvasive technique has the advantage of not causing discomfort to the patient.
2. Cistomanometria. It measures the pressure inside the bladder and urethra. Used as an additional technique but there has been diagnose the type of incontinence with the previous tests and medical history.

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Normal vaginal cells of normal discharge under a microscope

Normal vaginal cells of normal discharge under a microscope

What are the normal discharge?

Most teens notice yellow or white stains in underwear after entering puberty. This is a normal fluid that helps clean and moisten your vagina. This is completely healthy and normal if the discharge:

* It is white and cloudy
* It is odorless or has a slightly salty smell
* Increase in number or become “stringy” (like egg whites) in the middle of the menstrual cycle, when you’re ovulating

If your normal secretions bother you, you can use an absorbent pad in the underwear. To keep your vaginal secretions under control, be sure to wear cotton underwear (which absorbs moisture and allows air to circulate). Take a shower or bathe daily and be sure to wash the outside of the vaginal area daily with mild soap, then rinse and dry. Do not use deodorized sanitary pads or deodorant spray in the vaginal area.

Changes in your discharge may be a sign that you have a yeast infection and need to see your health care provider.

What is a vaginal infection?

The medical term for a vaginal infection is “vaginitis.” The 3 most common causes of vaginal infections are yeast infections, bacterial vaginosis, and trichomoniasis. Can also occur if you have vaginal infection in the cervix with gonorrhea or chlamydia (see sexually transmitted diseases or STDs). There are other causes of vaginal infections that are less common. Each type of vaginitis is caused by a different type of germ or organism and therefore should be treated differently.

What are the signs and symptoms of a yeast infection?

If you have a yeast infection, you can have any of the following things:

* Vaginal Odor
* Vaginal itching
* Burning vaginal
* Pain or irritation when urinating or having sex
* Different from the normal discharge

However, some women may have no symptoms. Some women may not even notice these symptoms when not too severe. The health care provider may notice signs of a vaginal infection such as discharge or odor during a gynecological examination and sent for tests of vaginal fluid to see if an infection. It is important to be checked regularly by a health care provider so that he (she) can detect any health problem to you miss.

What should I do if I think I have a vaginal infection?

If you have any symptoms of a yeast infection, you should see your health care provider immediately. Each type of vaginal infection has different symptoms. Even if you think you know what type of vaginal infection you note that it is easy to confuse the symptoms, because sometimes the external symptoms of vaginal infections (which you can notice) may resemble. Sometimes you can have more than one type of vaginal infection at the same time. Another reason is a good idea to see your health care provider is that you may have something more serious, like a sexually transmitted disease (STD). Your health care provider is the only one who can determine with certainty whether you have a yeast infection You must be completely honest with your health care provider about symptoms you have, such as smell, burning, or abnormal vaginal discharge, even if you modesty talk about this. Thus, your health care provider can diagnose correctly the type of vaginal infection you have.

What about applying douche if I have a vaginal infection?

Never douche! Douching can cause infections by altering the normal balance of organisms in the vagina. If you already have an infection, douching can also cause the infection worsens or extends up to the spawning area, or hide the symptoms of vaginal infection by making it more difficult to diagnose. Other things that can cause a vaginal infection are scented tampons, deodorant spray and harsh soaps. None of these things is necessary to cleanse the vagina. Your vagina cleans itself best when not using any of these things.

How can you determine my health care provider with any certainty if I have a vaginal infection?

Your health care provider will use a cotton swab to take a sample of your vaginal secretions for examination under a microscope and test with pH paper. This may require only an external examination on samples taken with a Q-tip, or a vaginal examination with a speculum (a metal or plastic instrument that is inserted into the vagina and then opened to better see the vagina and cervix) . Ask your health care provider which of these tests is most appropriate for you to find out if you have a vaginal infection. The tests are very simple and quick.

When my health care provider gives me a Pap test, “check if I have a vaginal infection?

If the external symptoms such as discharge or odor, are obvious enough, your health care provider do some tests to see if you have a vaginal infection. You have to make sure to tell your health care provider if you are having symptoms. A Pap test is done to see if there are changes in the cells of your cervix that could lead to cancer of the cervix. Sometimes, signs of vaginitis are seen through a Pap test and you may get a call or letter describing the problem and treatment.

What can I do to prevent vaginal infection?

The best way to prevent vaginal infection is to follow good hygiene practices female. Vaginal infections can occur more than once. Always follow the following recommendations:

* Keep your vaginal area clean and dry. You should wash the outside of the vagina every day with mild soap, then rinse and dry well. Do not douche. Douching can upset the normal balance of organisms in the vagina, which can cause a yeast infection, infection or worsen an infection spreading upwards to the spawning area (the uterus or fallopian tubes).
* Do not use scented soaps, bubble baths or perfumed sparkling, flavored tampons, vaginal deodorants, powders or vaginal sprays. These can irritate the vagina and cause a vaginal infection. IF your vaginal area is already irritated, you should not use scented toilet paper, spermicides or harsh soaps.
* Do not wear tight clothing or wet, because it can trap moisture and irritate the vagina. If you have to wear tight clothing, do not use for prolonged periods.
* Use white cotton underwear. Avoid nylon and lycra. The cotton helps absorb moisture and allows air to circulate. Never use nylon stockings (pantyhose) without using cotton underwear underneath.
* Follow safe practices when having sex. You should not have sex with a person with a sexually transmitted disease. Whatever happens, you should always use latex condoms (or polyurethane) to reduce your chances of contracting sexually transmitted diseases.
* Keep your stress level low.
* If you use diaphragms, cervical caps or medicinal applications, to make sure you clean them with soap and warm water and dry them well.

Other causes of vaginal infections

There are other causes of vaginal infections besides the 3 most common causes: infection, fungal, bacterial vaginosis, and trichomoniasis. These causes include sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), a buffer that has been left accidentally brought a congenital problem (something you have to birth) of the vagina or uterus (this is very rare), or an allergy to or Irritation:

* Spermicides
* Vaginal hygiene products
* Detergents
* Clothes softeners

These products can cause irritation to the vagina. But when your health care provider is testing for your vaginal secretions, can determine whether your infection is caused by one of the 3 most common causes, or is it something different. If it’s something different, your health care provider must decide on treatment based on the cause. Therefore, if you notice symptoms of a yeast infection, you should always see your health care provider to make sure it is properly diagnosed and treated.

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