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To maintain an appropriate nutritional balance pregnant women every day may include proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals in their food.

Energy Requirement

Today is considered sufficient to increase the energy needs of a pregnant woman, healthy and well nourished, at 200 to 300 kcal / day during the second and third trimesters, for a total of 2000 Kcal.

Nutritional Requirement

With moderate weight gain is achieved to reduce the number of children of low birth weight and prenatal mortality. It has also been shown that adequate maternal nutrition can lead to permanent reduction in the number of fetal malformations, why not be subjected to a pregnant woman to a severe food restriction. The most important thing is to follow a balanced diet.

Protein

Protein needs in an adult is 1 g / kg / day. During pregnancy, these needs increase because of the huge new synthesis of both maternal and fetal tissues, especially in the last quarter. The American National Research Council suggested that from the second trimester, pregnant women should consume 10 to 12 grams / day of extra protein when more than 24 years and 15 g / day when less than 24 years.

This corresponds to increase protein needs between 1.2 and 1.5 g / kg / day. Must be of high biological value protein. Foods rich in protein are meat, poultry, fish, eggs, grains, nuts. Not alternate the different types of meat distributed among 210 to 240 grs. distributed daily for lunch and dinner, you should not consume more than two eggs a week. Of the grains you eat a cup three times a week.

Carbohydrates

No specific recommendations have been established in relation to the macro nutrient intake for pregnant women. Should provide about 50% of total energy intake. Found in potatoes, cassava, taro, celery, bananas, pasta and cereals.

It should drink about 6 servings / day, divided between meals and snacks such as two slices of bread, 30 grams. dry cereal, a bowl of oatmeal or Foror, an arepa median, six crackers, half to one cup rice, cooked pasta or hot cereal. Are preferred grain-grain bread. ½ cup of vegetables, ¼ cup banana.

Fats

The amount of fat in the diet is about 30% of the total energy. Is important not only quantity but the quality of the fat ingested during pregnancy. It must take into account the need for certain fatty acids, which are important for the formation of the nervous system and retina of the fetus, and this contribution is guaranteed including fish in the diet.

During pregnancy there is hyperlipidemia (increased cholesterol and triglycerides) physiological. Also found in meats, dairy products and vegetable oils. It should drink 2 to 3 glasses of milk per day, can be exchanged with 2 slices of cheese or a ration of 30 grams. curd or cottage cheese, yogurt.